Traditionally, paints have always contained lots of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs). These VOCs can be harmful to the environment when they get into the water course or into the atmosphere through burning. Recent EU rules have helped to reduce the amount of VOCs in paint products, and have encouraged paint manufacturers to offer a range of natural, greener paint options.
Milk Paint
Milk paint is made using a mixture of casein and earth pigments. Casein is a protein found in milk (hence the name). Milk paints give a smooth matt finish and are suitable for interior walls and furnishings, but unsuitable for humid areas or those susceptible to damp.
Natural/Organic Paint
Often made from vegetable or mineral extracts combined with natural oils and resins. In many cases, paint sold as natural or organic can contain some conventional paint pigments like titanium oxide, but the level of VOC emissions are still far lower than from conventional paints.
Lime Wash/Lime Paint
As the name suggests, lime wash is made from a base of lime mixed with natural pigments and dyes. Often used on traditional builds, lime wash gives both internal and external walls a soft, weathered look and feel.
VOC-Free Paint
Almost the same as ordinary paints, but without the VOCs. VOC-free paint tends to be more expensive than a comparible standard paint.
With all natural paints, the general rule is to use them soon after purchase. This is becuase they contain few (if any) preservatives and will not last as long in the tin as conventional paints. You also need to take into account longer drying times because natural paints contain no chemical drying agents.
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